Top 25 Biggest Countries In The World (Land)

IvTEC

1. Russia 16,995,800 sq km  
2. Antarctica 14 million sq km (280,000 sq km ice-free, 13.72 million sq km ice-covered) (est.)  
3. China 9,326,410 sq km  
4. United States 9,158,960 sq km  
5. Canada 9,093,507 sq km  
6. Brazil 8,456,510 sq km  
7. Australia 7,617,930 sq km  
8. India 2,973,190 sq km  
9. Argentina 2,736,690 sq km  
10. Kazakhstan 2,669,800 sq km  
11. Algeria 2,381,740 sq km  
12. Sudan 2.376 million sq km  
13. Congo, Democratic Republic of the 2,267,600 sq km  
14. Greenland 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)  
15. Saudi Arabia 1,960,582 sq km  
16. Mexico 1,923,040 sq km  
17. Indonesia 1,826,440 sq km  
18. Libya 1,759,540 sq km  
19. Iran 1.636 million sq km  
20. Mongolia 1,555,400 sq km  
21. Peru 1.28 million sq km  
22. Niger 1,266,700 sq km  
23. Chad 1,259,200 sq km  
24. Angola 1,246,700 sq km  
25. Mali 1.22 million sq km

Malaysia No 65.....

KEY FACTS on RUSSIA



Population: 149 million
Capital: Moscow
Major cities and population: Moscow, Saint Petersburg

Geographic landmarks:

As the world's largest country, Russian has a very diverse geography.
Northern Russian extends into the Arctic Circle. This area is primarily tundra and forests, with thousands of lakes.

Russia has many mountain areas. The Ural mountains cover 2,500 miles of eastern Russia. The Caucasus mountains cross the southern part of Russia, from the Black Sea to the Caspia Sea.

From the western boarder to the Ural mountains is the North European Plain. This is a large rolling plain with rich soil and grasslands.

Three quarters of the Russian population lives in the cities and towns of western Russia.

  
About 25% of the population still live in rural areas.


Major Industries:

Russia has a wealth of natural resources including oil, natural gas, minerals and timber. Moscow is the center for many manufacturing industries including cars, steel and other heavy manufacturing.

The southwest has rich farm land. Crops include wheat, barley, oats, potatoes and sunflowers. Some areas include cattle farming. Russia also has a large ocean fishing fleet. Many of these ships have full capabilities to clean, freeze and process the catch.

Historical Highlights:

From the 1500s, Russia was under control of Tsars. In 1917, communist revolutionaries overthrew the Tsar to establish the Soviet Union. Russia was the largest republic in the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union went through considerable political turmoil, and in 1991 abandoned communism for a capitalist style of government. Old state industries were replaced by private enterprise.

Population and Culture:

The majority of Russians live in the area between St. Petersburg and Moscow. Southeast Russia is also heavily populated.
Russia has a broad mix of ethnic groups.

Tthe most dominant group of people numerically, politically, culturally, and economically have been the Slavs, particularly the East Slavs. Although little is known of the early history of the Slavs, they had by the seventh century A.D. divided into three distinguishable groups:

- West Slavs Ancestors of the Poles, the Czechs, and the Slovaks
- South Slavs Ancestors of the Bulgarians, the Serbs, and the Croatians
- East Slavs Ancestors of the Russians, the Ukrainians, and the Belorussians

Other terms for ethnic Russians are Russkiy, Velikorusskiy, and in earlier times Rus’ and Ross. Russian peasants are also known as "Great Russians."

There are also Tatar's ethnic. They consists of 3.8% of Russian population. The largest are Russians (81.5%), Ukranian (3%), Chuvash (1.2%), Bashkirs (0.9% - The great majority of Bashkirs were Sunni Muslims (Hanafi school),  Belorussians (0.8%), Moldavian (0.7%) as well as Cossacks and Jewish (8.1%).

Language:

Russian language and culture has had special status throughout the Russian Federation. The Russian language has been the common language in government organizations as well as in most economic, social, and cultural institutions. Higher education in many fields has been provided almost exclusively in Russian, and mastery of that language has been an important criterion for admission to institutions of higher learning.

Administrative and supervisory posts in non-Russian republics were often held by Russians having little knowledge of the native language. In 1986 Russian was the language used to publish 78 percent of the books by number of titles and 86 percent of the books by number of copies. The publication of magazines and newspapers printed in Russian and in the other indigenous languages has been equally disproportionate."

Dialects - Historically, northern, central and southern dialects occur. Popular, administrative and church styles exist, which still influence vocabulary and grammar.

Climate:

Russia's large geographical territory gives it a very diverse climate. Its northern coastline borders on the Arctic Ocean, which gives it severe winters. In the south, Russia has hot desert areas.

1. _____ The __________ Slavs are ancestors of the Russians, Ukrainians, and Belorussians.  

          a. South  

          b. East  

          c. West

  
2. _____ The most dominant ethnic group in the current Russian Federation and former Soviet Union/Russian Empire/Muscovy is the   

          a. Belorussians.  

          b. Russians.  

          c. Communists.

  
3. _____ Most Russians possess a strong appreciation for

          a. urban development and architecture.

          b. the natural environment and beauty of the land.

          c. hamburgers and French fries.

  
4. _____ After Russians, the most numerous ethnic group in the Russian Federation is the

          a. Belorussians.

          b. Chetneks.

          c. Tatars.

  
5. _____ The religion of the Volga and Crimean Tatars is of the __________ Hanafite legal school.

          a. Shia

          b. Sufi

          c. Sunni


6. _____ Islam was adopted by Volga Tatar peoples   

          a. just under 500 years ago.

          b. just over 1,100 years ago.

          c. since earliest times.


7. _____ Siberian Tatars currently use the __________ alphabet.

          a. Cyrillic

          b. Arabic

          c. Latin

  
8. _____ What ethnic group historically formed the intellectual and political elite of Russia’s Muslim population?

          a. Chetneks

          b. Chuvash peoples

          c. Tatars

  
9. _____ Historically, __________ and Russian governments have struggled for power over Ukrainian peoples.

          a. Romanian

          b. Polish

          c. Moldavian


10. _____ Historically Ukrainians were __________ in the Soviet Union’s educational and political establishments.

          a. underrepresented  

          b. overrepresented

          c. about equal to their population percentage                  

China



China, officially People抯 Republic of China , country in East Asia, the world抯 third-largest country by area  and the largest by population. Officially the People抯 Republic of China, it is bordered on the north by the Mongolian Republic and Russia; on the north-east by Russia and North Korea; on the east by the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea; on the south by the South China Sea, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), India, Bhutan, and Nepal; on the west by Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan; and on the north-west by Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. China includes more than 3,400 offshore islands, of which Hainan, in the South China Sea, is by far the largest. The total area of China is about 9,571,300 sq km (3,695,500 sq mi), not including Taiwan. The capital of China is Beijing; the country抯 largest city is Shanghai.

Because of its geologic diversity, China possesses an extremely wide array of mineral resources. The only minerals in which the country appears to be deficient are vanadium, chromium, and cobalt. Mineral deposits are distributed widely throughout the country; the principal mining regions are southern Dongbei, especially the Liaodong Peninsula, and the uplands of South China. Only in the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding high mountains have significant mineral deposits not yet been discovered.

Resources
China is particularly well endowed with energy resources. Coal reserves of over 10 trillion tonnes are claimed, most of it in Dongbei and adjacent areas of North China. Petroleum reserves are estimated at more than 20 billion tonnes, the bulk of which has been discovered offshore. China now claims to be second only to Saudi Arabia in oil reserves; inland deposits are located in Dongbei and in the north-western provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai, and in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Oil-shale deposits are located primarily in Liaoning and Guangdong.

Among metallic mineral ores, iron-ore reserves are estimated to be nearly 50 billion tonnes. The largest deposits, mainly in southern Dongbei, northern Hebei, and Nei Monggol, are mostly of low quality. Some high-grade deposits of haematite occur in Liaoning and Hubei in the Yangzi Valley. Extensive deposits have also been discovered on Hainan. Reserves of aluminium ores, occurring mainly in Liaoning and Shandong, are estimated at more than 1 billion tonnes. Tin reserves, found primarily in Yunnan and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, are perhaps as much as 2 million tonnes; China抯 production of refined tin amounts to about 8 per cent of the world抯 output. China holds the world抯 largest reserves of both antimony and tungsten. Tungsten is found mainly in the highlands north of the Xi, and the largest antimony deposits are in Hunan.

China also holds abundant reserves of magnesite, molybdenum, mercury, and manganese. Reserves of lead, zinc, and copper, however, are modest. Uranium has been discovered in several localities, principally in Dongbei and the north-west. Other resources occurring in considerable quantities are phosphate rock, salt, talc, mica, quartz, silica, and fluorspar.

Population
The Chinese population is approximately 93 per cent ethnic, or Han, Chinese. The Chinese are primarily of Mongolian stock and are differentiated within China not so much by ethnic as by linguistic variation. The 7 per cent minority population is settled over nearly 60 per cent of China抯 area. This gives the non-Han peoples of China a significance that looms larger than their percentage of the population might suggest.

Ethnic Groups
More than 70 million people belong to 56 national minorities. Most of these groups are distinguished from the Chinese by language or religion rather than by racial characteristics. The principal minorities (1990 figures) are the Thai-related Zhuang, about 15.6 million, largely in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; the Hui, or Chinese Muslims, about 8.6 million, in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Gansu, and Qinghai; the Turkic-speaking Uygur, about 7.2 million, in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; the aboriginal (but largely assimilated) Yi, about 6.6 million, in Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guangxi; the aboriginal Miao, about 7.4 million, in Guizhou, Hunan, and Yunnan; the Tibetans, about 4.6 million, in the Tibetan Autonomous Region and Qinghai; and the Mongols, about 4.8 million, in Nei Monggol, Gansu, and Xinjiang. Other groups include Koreans, Bonyei, and Manchus. The Manchus are descendants of the group which conquered China in the 17th century and established the Qing, or Manchu, dynasty. They are almost indistinguishable from the Han Chinese.

China

GDP: purchasing power parity - $5.989 trillion (2002 est.)

GDP - real growth rate: 8% (official data) (2002 est.)

GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $4,700 (2002 est.)

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 15.2%
         industry and construction: 51.2%
         services: 33.6% (2001)

Population below poverty line: 10% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.4%
highest 10%: 30.4% (1998)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): -0.8% (2002 est.)

Labor force: 744 million (2001 est.)

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 50%, industry 22%, services 28% (2001 est.)

Unemployment rate: urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial
unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2002 est.)

Budget:
revenues: $224.8 billion
expenditures: $267.1 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2000)

Industries: iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles and apparel, petroleum, cement, chemical fertilizers, footwear, toys, food processing, automobiles, consumer electronics, telecommunications

Industrial production growth rate: 12.6% (2002 est.)

Electricity - production: 1.42 trillion kWh (2001)

Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 80.2%
hydro: 18.5%
other: 0.1% (2001)
nuclear: 1.2%

Electricity - consumption: 1.312 trillion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports: 10.3 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports: 1.55 billion kWh (2001)

Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish

Exports: $325.6 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Exports - commodities: machinery and equipment; textiles and clothing, footwear, toys and sporting goods; mineral fuels

Exports - partners: US 21.5%, Hong Kong 18%, Japan 14.9%, South Korea 4.8% (2002)

Imports: $295.3 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, plastics, iron and steel, chemicals

Imports - partners: Japan 18.1%, Taiwan 10.5%, South Korea 9.7%, US 9.2%, Germany 5.6% (2002)

Debt - external: $149.4 billion (2002 est.)

Economic aid - recipient: NA

Currency: yuan (CNY)
note:: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)

Currency code: CNY

Exchange rates: yuan per US dollar - 8.28 (2002), 8.28 (2001), 8.28 (2000), 8.28 (1999), 8.28 (1998)

Fiscal year: calendar year

[ Last edited by PeNinGLaLaT on 4-6-2004 at 07:45 PM ]

Amangyuyu

memang sah awak ni pakar cik peninglalat

Originally posted by Amangyuyu at 4-6-2004 08:10 PM:
memang sah awak ni pakar cik peninglalat

saya bukan pakar...sekadar rajin surf the net dan baca....

ada beberapa info tu pasal apa yg saya belajar last sem....tu aje....

Pocahontas

Sebelum nie Poca tak penah dengar pon negara yg no. 25 tue. So nie yg Poca dpt dr net. Sesaja je nk share ngan korang.





Population: 13 million (UN, 2003)

Capital: Bamako

Major languages: French, Bambara, Berber, Arabic

Major religions: Islam, indigenous beliefs

Life expectancy: 48 years (men), 49 years (women) (UN)

Monetary unit: 1 CFA (Communaute Financiere Africaine) franc = 100 centimes

Main exports: Cotton, gold, livestock

GNI per capita: US $230 (World Bank, 2003)

Internet domain: .ml

International dialling code: +223

:pompom: :pompom: :pompom: